The Republic of India is a sovereign country located in South Asia. India is theseventh most extensive country, the second most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. India has the world's twelfth largest economy at market exchange rates and the fourth largest in purchasing power. Economic reforms have transformed it into the second fastest growing large economy. However, it stillendures high levels of poverty, illiteracy, and malnutrition. As a diverse society (pluralistic, multilingual, and multiethnic), Indians have made home to a swathe of wildlife in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and elsewhere.
India is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the south, the Arabian Sea to the west, and theBay of Bengal to the east, with a coastline stretching 7,517 kilometers (4,671 mi). It borders Pakistan to the north and west; Nepal and the China to the north; Bangladesh to the southeast;Bhutan to the northeast; and Burma to the east; Sri Lanka and the Maldives to the south.
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